| 1. | Ultrasonic radiation improved the dispersibility of powders and the uniformity of coating
利用超声波可使粉体很好的分散，提高粉体镀覆均匀性。 |
| 2. | The solution was alkaline , and formaldehyde ( hcho ) was used as a reducing agent . plating was carried out at middle temperature / low temperature and ultrasonic radiation
化学镀铜溶液为碱性的甲醛为还原剂的镀液，镀覆在室温、超声波的条件下进行。 |
| 3. | The formaldehyde ( hcho ) was used as the reducing agent and plating was carried out at normal temperature and ultrasonic radiation . the ingredients of solution were determined by chemical analysis
平均粒径为10 20mn的al _ 2o _ 3粉体经过预处理使表面具有催化活性后，用甲醛作为还原剂在室温及超声波条件下镀银。 |
| 4. | Ultrasonic radiation made the reaction happen at room temperature , furthermore , the reaction was accelerated , and more importantly , the powders were dispersed evenly so that makes as more particles as possible coated
超声波的加入可使镀覆在室温下进行，并加快镀覆过程，更重要的是提高了粉体镀覆的均匀性。 |
| 5. | High - resolution transmission electron microscopy ( hrtem ) and x - ray diffraction ( xrd ) were used in the investigation . the feasibility of electroless silver plating of nano - al2o3 powder with ultrasonic radiation was studied
测定镀液成分和ph值，用高分辨率透射电镜( hrtem )观察复合粉体的形貌， x -射线衍射分析复合粉体物相组成。 |
| 6. | The observation by hrtem indicated that the size of particles coated with ultrasonic radiation at room temperature in alkaline formaldehyde bath was about 50 ~ 60nm . the originally granular form of the nano - al2o3 particles has changed into spheral - like shape . the x - ray analysis showed that the plate was the alloy of co - p
对镀覆后镀液成分的分析表明，反应自发停止的原因是主要由于镀液ph值过低，不能提供反应所需要的足够oh ~ - ，同时也使甲醛还原能力下降所致。 |
| 7. | The optimum conditions of preparation were as fellows : the concentration of zinc sulfate solution of 1 . 8 - 2 . omol / l , the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate solution of 1 . 4 ~ 1 . 6mol / l , the time of ultrasonic radiation of 25 ~ 30min . iv . preparation of active zinc oxide by means of microwave radiation to calcine precursor of basic zinc carbonate firstly , and a mechanism on preparation of ultra - fine active zinc oxide by means of microwave radiation has been investigated emphatically as well as the effects on quality of ultra - fine active zinc oxide have been analyzed and discussed in detail , the time of microwave radiation was 7 ~ 16 min ; comparing microwave radiation calcining with conventional calcining , the calcining time of microwave radiation was one thirty to one twenty , the calcining time shortened hugely , energy consumption saved hugely , the quality of product improved
首次引入超声波辐射制备超细活性氧化锌前驱体碱式碳酸锌新技术，研究了超声波辐射制备前驱体碱式碳酸锌的机理，并分析和讨论了影响前驱体质量的各种因素，确定了最佳的前驱体制备条件为：硫酸锌浓度为1 . 8 2 . 0mol / l ，碳酸氢铵的浓度为1 . 4 1 . 6mol / l ，超声波辐射25 30min ； 4 、首次采用微波加热煅烧前驱体碱式碳酸锌制备超细活性氧化锌的新技术，研究了微波辐射加热煅烧前驱体制备超细活性氧化锌的机理，并分析和讨论了影响活性氧化锌质量的各种因素，确定了最佳的超细活性氧化锌制备条件为：微波加热煅烧时间为7 16min ，与传统煅烧方法相比，煅烧时间仅为传统的1 30 1 20 ，大大缩短煅烧时间，节省能耗，提高了煅烧产品的质量； 5 、完成了从锌浮渣中制备超细活性氧化锌的小试试验和扩大试验。 |
| 8. | The morphology of powders was observed using high - resolution transmission electron microscopy ( hrtem ) ; x - ray diffraction ( xrd ) pattern was used to analyze the phases of the powders ; at first , the feasibility of electroless copper plating of nano - al2o3 powder with ultrasonic radiation was studied
用philipsem430型高分辨率透射电镜( hrtem )观察复合粉体的形貌； d / 3ax3b型x -射线衍射仪分析复合粉体的物相组成。在本实验室以前的研究表明，超声波条件下的纳米材料的化学镀是可行的。 |
